CMPS 80K---Art of the Book in the Computer Age
Winter 1997

Kevin Karplus

Table of Contents

A course in desktop publishing using PageMaker and LaTeX. Assumes familiarity with Macintosh computers, and willingness to learn enough Unix to install a web page (or edit text and run LaTeX). Emphasis is on analysis and design of page-layout, but copy-editing, font choices, half-toning, and some history of printing are included. One of the major goals of the course is to bring together sometimes artificially separated cultures of the arts, sciences, and humanities. Note: much of the student time is spent learning to use the computer tools, but the class focuses more on what is to be done with the tools than on the tools themselves. We will use Photoshop to include scanned images in various documents, but will not give it nearly as much attention as PageMaker. Students who wish to use Quark Xpress instead of PageMaker are welcome to do so, but are completely on their own for learning to use the tool. (Students with access to FrameMaker are welcome to use that also, but the class computers don't have FrameMaker available.)

Classes

Classes are MWF 3:30-4:40 in Porter 144. You are required to attend class, as the discussions and presentations in class are an important part of the course and are NOT covered by the reading and exercises.

Lab demos

I'll give a demo in the Porter lab (D-240) Mondays 10-12. It was intended that the demo would be repeated by the TA Tuesdays 12-2 and Wednesdays 5-7, but it seems that we don't have a TA this quarter. We'll try to find an undergrad lab assistant with the skill to give the demos (say, someone who has done well in this class in the past). We may have to cancel the Tuesday sections if an assistant can't be found. Students may attend any of the lab sections, and may attend repeatedly. Generally only about half the time will be used for demos--the other half of the time will be used for answering student questions and giving individual help with the tools.

There are (or at least were last year) some CR-ROM demo films available for individual viewing under /stationxx/desktop publishing/adobe pagemaker 6.0/pagemaker 6.0 training These films may be useful for learning techniques not covered in the lab demos. The manuals for PageMaker are also available in the lab. It is worth spending an hour or two reading the introductory parts of the manual, and browsing at least the section headers for the rest. Knowing where to find things in the manual can save you many hours of frustration. The manuals are the best single source of information about PageMaker, surpassing any of the third-party books I've reviewed. Unfortunately they are not available separately from the software, which is too expensive to require.

Office Hours

Kevin has office hours in 315B Applied Sciences Wednesdays 1-2, or you can try dropping in almost any MWF afternoon. I work from home on Tuesdays and Thursdays, to help take care of the baby, so those days are out.

Newsgroup

There is a newsgroup (
ucsc.class.cmp80k) for the class. For posting to the newsgroup, it is generally better to be working from a UNIX machine, so that proper mailing addresses are generated.

Required Texts

Richard Rubinstein Digital Typography, An Introduction to Type and Composition for Computer System Design
You need not own Rubinstein's book, nor do you need to bring it to class or lab, but you must read it---you will be expected to read the entire text. I recommend reading through it once quickly the first week of class, not worrying too much about parts you don't understand, then re-reading it carefully just before we discuss the various subjects in class. You may want to share a copy with a friend, or treat your copy very carefully and sell it back. One of your ongoing assignments is to turn in a page of notes (handwritten is ok) for each chapter of Digital Typography on the day listed in the schedule.
Robin Williams The Non-Designer's Design Book
is a rather elementary introduction to page layout. I don't agree with everything the author says (you don't have to agree with her or with me), but the book provides a concise summary of one popular school of though in graphic design, and serves as a good starting point for discussion. If you are stuck with a design that doesn't seem to be working, following the advice in her book may be a good way to start modifying it. Again, I expect you to turn in hand-written (or typed) notes for each chapter, though the notes can be much shorter for this book, since the chapters are pretty lightweight.
graphics ruler
Not a textbook, but an essential tool, it is a ruler calibrated in inches, picas, and points, and often has special features for easily measuring baselines and type sizes. C-Thru Ruler Company's model GA-96 is suitable, and is stocked by Lenz Arts, Poor Richards Almanac, and Palace Arts downtown. It is a good idea to browse these stores to see what graphic arts supplies are readily available in town. Bring the ruler with you to discussion sections!
Athena account
Also not a textbook---but everyone will need an account on the UNIX workstations run by CATS. Students get free accounts, and these are the machines where web pages will be installed or (LaTeX run, if you prefer a more academic tool). Also, electronic mail is often the best way to ask me questions when I'm not in the lab or in class, and there will be a newsgroup set up for class discussion.

Optional Texts

Leslie Lamport LaTeX, A Document Preparation System
You will need this user's guide with you in the lab when you do the LaTeX assignments---even after more than ten years of using LaTeX frequently, I still find it necessary to refer to the manual frequently. Note everyone will choose to learn LaTeX---I'll be giving students the choice of LaTeX or HTML, and last year HTML was the more popular choice.
David Fox HTML Web Publisher's Construction Kit
I have not read this book---I don't even have a copy of it yet, but I have been assured by Marti Atkinson and her students that it is the best current book for learning HTML. You don't really need a text for the level of HTML we'll learn in this class, as I can point you to a number of tutorials and manuals on the world-wide web itself.
Adobe PageMaker 6.0
You will not need your own copy of PageMaker, but if you have your own computer, with enough RAM and disk space to hold PageMaker, then the educational price at the bookstore makes this an excellent buy.

Evaluation

There will be no mid-term or final exams, and I will evaluate you primarily on the homework and projects you turn in, though class participation and handing in notes on your reading will also be considered. There will be one paper (about 5--10 pages) required, on a topic related to digital typography---start thinking of something you would like to research this quarter, and consult me about the appropriateness of the topic. The paper will be judged on both the content and the typesetting. You will be graded on several aspects of typesetting on every assignment. This includes, but is not limited to,
analysis
the commentary you provide both on your own work and on the work of others. The commentary should cover both technique (including measurements of font size, spacing, ... ) and effect, and how the technique achieves the effect.
copy editing
doubled words, spelling, punctuation, and spacing around punctuation.
font choice
appropriateness of font and sizes. You will not be penalized for the rather limited selection of fonts on the lab printers, though the selection has gotten much better in the last few years, and so should not be too limiting. Using bit-map fonts and typewriter habits like underlining are not acceptable.
text block design
font size, leading, column width, margins, column spacing, tracking, and so forth. Flaws like rivers, unaligned baselines, and unsupported words will be noted.
line and page breaking
Widow and orphan lines, excessive hyphenation, and similar flaws.
page design
good balance between pictures and text, sufficient white space, restrained use of rules and ornaments, and so forth.
Because of the size of the class and my poor memory for names, I may not be able to evaluate class participation during lectures as much as I would like, but I hope that people ask lots of questions---I generally lecture better when there is a lot of immediate feedback. In the past, I've generally managed to get good discussions in class, despite the size, and I hope this continues. There will be an open-ended final project. This can be a newsletter, a poetry magazine, forms and brochures for a non-profit organization, a children's book, a complete corporate image package, or any of several other design and layout projects. Please start thinking about your final project now---we'll want to know what the project is by the middle of the term. Note: the final project is entirely separate from the research paper---both are required.

Homework

There will be a LOT of homework for this course, of three types: reading, writing, and design exercises. Some of the exercises will be posted on the Web, others will be handed out in class. There will be a list here as the Web-available assignments are released. Some of the homework assignments will be posted to the Web, others will be given out in class. The total amount of work expected of students for this class is high---the full 15 hours a week, every week (including classes, reading, and assignments). Because student backgrounds vary so much in this class, some students will find it takes them significantly longer than others to finish the work. Please record the time you take each week. If you find yourself spending well over 15 hours a week, please let me know---I may be able to help you finish the work quicker. I'm not intending to overwork you, but there's so much to learn! Because this class is interdisciplinary and has no prerequisites, I expect students with very different backgrounds. Some of the later assignments can be team projects---try to find people in the class whose skills complement yours, so the team is not all programmers, all visual artists, or all poets. The final project may be either an individual or a team effort. Note: team projects are particularly appropriate if you find that the earlier assignments are raising your workload above the nominal fifteen hours a week.

Tentative Schedule (due dates)

The following schedule lists the assignments with due dates. If the due dates are changed, I will inform you in class. There will be handouts or web pointers detailing all assignments (except, perhaps, the research paper and the final project, both of which will vary considerably). On all design assignments, you must turn in a cover sheet describing the document design and typesetting: what fonts were used, margins, leading, and so forth. You should not only give the technical information, but give some reasons for the design choices. If there are aspects of the design that you feel are not complete, or not as good as they might be, point them out. If there are parts you are particularly proud of, point them out also. The class discussion and feedback on graded assignments will give you some idea what sort of commentary we are looking for. Please complete your assignments on time. Free computers become harder to find later in the quarter, and it is unfair to the other students for you to tie up the machines doing work that should have been done weeks earlier. Furthermore, I may refuse to grade anything that is significantly late, unless you have medical or other very reasonable excuses. If you find the assignments to be difficult, please ask for help immediately---we don't want to find out that you are weeks behind at the end of the quarter. It'll be too late to help you then. Please pick up the assignments after they have been graded---this is the main feedback from me on your work. I'd like to see that you correct any problems that I identify in your future assignments. I'll try once to return assignments during classes, then put them in a box opposite the CE/CIS Board office on the second floor of Applied Sciences. If you are unsatisfied with your work on any assignment, you may redo the assignment and turn it in again. You must turn in the original assignment with the redone assignment. Save your assignments after I return them to you! I will ask you to turn them all in at the end of the quarter, so that I can write a fair evaluation of your work. In a class like this with such varied assignments, it isn't possible to record all the information that might be needed about each assignment. Having the portfolio of the entire quarter's work allows me to look for repeated problems, improvements, and trends when I write the narrative evaluations. Keep a time log of how many hours you spend on the class each week (including class time and reading), and turn it with each assignment, so that I can adjust the workload in the class as needed.
assignment analysis due design due
Letterhead Fri 10 Jan Wed 15 Jan
Business card Wed 22 JanFri 24 Jan
Copy editing Mon 27 Jan
Library puzzle Fri 31 Jan
Folded self-mailer Fri 31 JanWed 5 Feb
Short newsletter Mon 10 Feb Fri 14 Feb
LaTeX or HTML tutorial Tues 18 Feb (exchange day)
BibTeX tutorial or HTML project Mon 24 Feb
Proposal for final project Mon 24 Feb
First draft of paper Fri 28 Feb
Final draft of paper Mon 10 March
Final project Fri 14 March

Reading


Required reading. Turn in a page of notes from the reading on the specified days.
read before Digital Typography Non-Designer's Design Book
Wed 8 Jan Chapter 1 Chapter 1
Fri 10 Jan Chapter 2 Chapters 7--9,13
Fri 17 Jan Chapter 3 Chapters 3--5
Fri 24 Jan Chapter 4 Chapters 6,10
Fri 31 Jan Chapter 5
Fri 7 Feb Chapter 6
Fri 14 Feb Chapter 7
Fri 21 Feb Chapter 8

Optional readings (required for those learning LaTeX)
read before LaTeX2e manual
Fri 24 Jan Chapters 1 & 2
Fri 31 Jan Sections 3.1--3.2, 6.1--6.3
Fri 7 Feb Chapter 4 & Appendix B
Fri 14 Feb Sections 3.5--3.7, 5.3
Fri 21 Feb Sections 6.4--6.7

My background

My background is as a computer scientist with an interest in book design and typesetting. I created this course in 1991, and have taught it annually since. I am skillful at getting TeX and LaTeX to do what I want and have designed style files for LaTeX. I have used PageMaker a few dozen times (mainly for the Comic News inserts created by People Power, a few brochures, and materials related to this class). I have used PageMaker 4.0, 4.2, 5.0, and 6.0, and am most comfortable with 5.0, though 6.0 is not so different as to cause me problems. I am not a graphic artist, though I am familiar with most of the standard layouts. I have also used Adobe Photoshop a fair amount for producing black-and-white images for photocopying and color images for the web.

Collaboration

Each paper you turn in must have only one author or designer---you (except for assignments deliberately set up as team projects, in which case the work should be of all, and only, the team members). Anyone caught using a term paper service or copying from books, journals, or fellow students will be punished as severely as the University allows. Flunking the course is an absolute minimum. We encourage you to have someone else read your drafts, point out errors and unclear passages, comment on the formating, and make suggestions, but not do re-writing or re-formating for you. We encourage you to ask classmates for help in getting the tools to do what you want---again, they can show you techniques, but you have to actually execute them. Anyone whose help you use (including the instructors, tutors, classmates, spouse, ... ) should be acknowledged in writing in the turned-in assignment. Of course, any books or journals you use as sources should be properly cited. If you are not certain about how much help is permitted, how much is encouraged, and how much will be considered cheating, please talk with us. You may be pleasantly surprised to find out that I allow more assistance than you thought. Collaboration is a fine academic tradition, but claiming someone else's work as your own is the greatest academic sin.

Related Courses

There are several other courses at UCSC related to this one. Here is a partial list:
numbernameinstructor
Art 70 & 111A Book Arts George Kane
Art 118, 119, 120 Computer Art
Art 112--113 Relief and Intaglio Printmaking
Art 114--115 Lithography Paul Rangell
Art 116A--116B Senior Studio in Printmaking
Art 117 Special Topics in Printmaking
Computer Science 80c Computer Arts and Graphics Jane Wilhelms, Suresh Lodha
Computer Science 160 Intro to Computer Graphics Alex Pang, Suresh Lodha, Jane Wilhelms
Computer Science 186Online Publishing Design Laboratory Marti Atkinson
Cowell 132 History of Important Presses George Kane
Psychology 124 Psychology of Reading Alan Kawamoto
If you are not familiar with UNIX, with Macintoshes, or with an Macintosh word processor (such as Word), you may want to take a non-credit short course from Computing and Telecommunications Services. Check with their office (459-3808) or
the newsgroup ucsc.messages for the schedule of when they offer courses. Even better, check out their web page: http://www2.ucsc.edu/cats/sc/classes/ .

HTML assignment

Click for the actual assignment.
This year I'm including HTML (the native language of the World-Wide Web) as an alternative to learning LaTeX. Both languages are "intentional"---that is, they specify what the authors intent is, rather than giving detailed typesetting instructions. LaTeX allows more control of the typesetting, and is currently the best tool for writing academic papers. HTML allows one to create hypertext documents on the worldwide web, which is currently very fashionable. For more information on HTML, click here. It is now possible to have a semi-permanent web page on the CATS computers. Click here for more information.

If you want to do a bicycle-related web-site, there is a free service for posting your bicycle pages: the Velonet Freeweb . Note that this is a commercial service supported by advertising---if you don't want advertising on your web pages, then don't use this service. There are many other commercial services offering similar sorts of deals---free web publishing in return for advertising on your pages.

Save your work on floppies

Files left on the computers in the lab (on the individual workstations or the shared file server) can be deleted by anyone at any time. Later in the quarter, fellow students desperate for disk space get quite ruthless in discarding files that aren't their own. Always keep a copy of every file you need on your own diskette! It is a good idea to keep the floppies until after you get your assignment back, so that you can re-create the work if it gets lost or damaged.
Kevin Karplus
Computer Engineering
University of California, Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz, CA 95064
USA
karplus@cse.ucsc.edu
(408) 459-4250